「阿婆」的詩香

<p style="text-indent:22.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">阿婆是我給她起的名字,本名陳卓仙,</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">清光緒丁亥年出生,民國人,祖籍四川</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">宜賓。中國哲人唐君毅之母,民國時期《國民公報》主筆唐迪風之妻。前者,其長子,是中國新儒家學說代表人物,</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">20</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">世紀中華人文精神卓絕捍衛與殉道者,其《生命存在與心靈境界》為中國再立人極,屬東西方哲學匯通遇合之作;後者,其夫君,是民國初年蜀中耿介慷慨文士,有《孟子大義》傳世。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:22.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">阿婆陳卓仙,天資聰穎,靈心善感,一生勞瘁,奔波道途,其慈祥愷悌之懷情遍及婿媳兒孫。日常隨筆賦詩,所為皆即事興感,俱道是往,著手成春,其閑情佳趣得李白之簡達;於山川風物之思,通陶淵明之意境;其仁心志義,有杜甫之悲憫性情;其家國世道之嘆乃至世界宇宙之感,深存溫柔敦厚詩之至境。可謂見道又見心。錄三首如下:</span></p> <p style="text-indent:22.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">如感時生活:「</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">今年更比去年窮,零米升升過一冬。搜篋已無衣可典,禦寒尚有酒盈盅。布衿似鐵知宵永,窗牅來風待曉融。又是一年逢歲暮,依然羈旅客江東。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">」</span></p> <p style="margin-top:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt; margin-left:0cm;text-indent:24.0pt;line-height:19.5pt;background:white"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">又如家國世道:</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">「</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">世事何须叩彼苍,长空过雁影微茫。衣冠文物思千古,敌国飞鸢噪夕阳。渡口无人舟自渡,黄花得雨色逾黄。精诚端信磨难灭,且听渔歌出水乡。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">」</span></p> <p style="text-indent:22.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #141823; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">再如哀心悲憫:</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">「</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #141823; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">六籍韜光賢達隱,萬方多難道途賒。孔顏樂處堪尋味,佛道禪通未敢誇。靈氣所鐘二程子,悲懷豈眷一中華。天心未忍斯文喪,宇宙原來是一家。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">」</span><a name="_GoBack"></a></p> <p style="text-indent:22.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">其家族後人,大陸重慶民間靈魂人物王康,</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">感慨其</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">家婆詩</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">「</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">得杜翁沉鬱、淵明曠達、東坡爽放,更兼民國清風正意。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">」</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">陳卓仙曾與梁漱溟有書信往來,也是熊十力敬重的友人,</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">其最後之一詩,則為癸卯十月,應熊子真十力先生之囑而作&#8221;。日月天地眼,詩書聖賢心。阿婆一介普通婦女,平時膝下繞三子,里外家事纏身,忙得不亦樂乎,可是往來出入無白丁,口誦心唯都是詩,生逢一個文化大師輩出的時代,她的存在是民國時代與文化底蘊之厚重的見證。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:22.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">陳卓仙成詩近千首,一生顛沛,隨手散失,所餘兩百首幸有其子唐君毅先生編輯為《思復堂遺詩》並做編後記,民國六十六年在薹灣學生書局印行。此書今已絕版,我在孔夫子舊書網竟搜得孤本一冊,</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">越洋</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">購下如圖。此前北明臉書(</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">https://www.facebook.com/BeiMing2013</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">)發布的</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">「</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">阿婆舊句</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">」</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">,均摘自這本《思復堂遺詩》,今後願繼續摘錄發布,與培護中華詩魂並關心世教之大雅君子共賞。</span></p> <p style="margin-left:308.0pt; text-indent:88.0pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">北明謹識於公元2015年9月18日週五</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2015/Sep/91820151.jpg" width="600" height="450" alt="" /><br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">圖1:民國女詩人陳卓仙遺像</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><div>&nbsp;<img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2015/Sep/9182015捕获.JPG" width="600" height="442" alt="" /></div> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">圖</span><span style="color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">2</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">:這是唐君毅先生為其母陳卓仙編輯出版的詩集</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2015/Sep/9182015捕获2.JPG" width="600" height="448" alt="" />&nbsp;</div> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">圖</span><span style="color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">3</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">:詩集最後一首是阿婆陳卓仙應熊十力先生之囑而作:寧可一日不食肉,不可一日悶缩缩。悶縮縮兮傾家釀,莫教懷抱恥塵爵。朝來醉眼不逢人,但見海漚搖空碧,萬里乾坤如是觀,茂叔窗前草自綠。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2015/Sep/9182015捕获3.JPG" width="600" height="447" alt="" />&nbsp;</div> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">圖</span><span style="color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">4</span><span style="font-family: SimSun, serif; color: #0070c0; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">:詩集封裡,右為歐陽竟無先生題字;左為李證剛先生題字。</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: SimSun, serif; background: white;">附唐君毅先生《思復堂遺詩》編後記:</span></strong><strong></strong></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">思復堂遺詩,先母諱大任、字卓仙所作也。先母生於清光緒丁亥二月十二日四川宜賓,歿於民國甲辰正月十四日蘇州旅寓,享壽七十七歲。初</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">外祖陳勉之公於清季任教成都第一女子師範前身之淑行女校,因率先母及諸姨就學。大任亦先母在校之學名也。先母生日,俗謂百花生日,故外祖更以卓傷字之。思</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">復堂則先父廸風公為先母詩稿嘗題之名也。先母一生,除嘗於簡陽及重慶之女子師範任教職二年外,皆盡勞瘁於養育吾及妹弟五人,至於成立。吾家素質,先父一生</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">不入仕途,家務皆先母躬自操作,初罕余閑治學。所為詩,多隨手散失。今遺稿五卷,乃先母棄養後,吾妹至中、恂季、寧孺、及吾弟慈幼所存。其第一卷乃先父尚</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">未逝世先母四十四歲前,與先父客居成都以及川北、江南各地、並一度還鄉之所作。其詩除於異鄉景物興感之外,則懷念諸姨舅及吾亡妹德叔之作。第二卷則為先父</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">逝世周年後哀悼先父之作。先母嘗自編為一集寄呈歐陽竟無先生。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">後吾妹至中又以之請教李證剛先生。故二先生鹹有題字。今並影印卷前,以資</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">紀念。第三卷則先母悲懷漸減,與諸弟妹共居成都時,及抗日戰起感懷時事之作。第四卷則戰火即熄,與吾妹至中居靈岩山,旋同去江南之所作。此時吾與諸妹弟,</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">皆漸有家室,故先母為詩,尤多諄諄誨勉之辭。今先母逝世,瞬逾九載,吾與諸妹弟及其子女,雖塞北天南,各處一方,而骨肉之情,一體無間,皆先母之遺教也。</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">第五卷則為己醜以來吾與諸妹弟既散居各地,而先母或往來其間之所作。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">故更多懷念兒孫之句。其最後之一詩,則為癸卯十月,應熊子真十力先生之囑而作,足見先母逝世前三月之佳興猶存。不意三月之後,竟棄吾等而去。悠悠蒼天,曷其有極。吾妹至中既編遺詩為五卷,更加恭錄,輾轉寄港。吾奉而讀之,既痛不</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">獲再得吾母之訓誨;更念吾母一生勞瘁,奔波道途,其事雖只為一家,吾亦日久漸忘;然其情之所及,志之所存,則不限一家,並見於此五卷詩,而德音如聞,慈暉</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">宛在。大率在第一卷吾母與吾父時有唱和之樂,兼多懷念諸姨舅之作,見吾母之篤於兄弟之倫。第二卷皆哀悼吾父之詩,則見與吾父雖情為夫婦,而義兼師友。歐李</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">二先生之題辭,蓋非溢美。第三卷至第五卷,則備見吾母之慈祥愷悌之懷,更遍及婿媳兒孫;而吾母即事而有之閑情佳趣,及山川風物之思,家國世道之</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">感,亦多於此中見之。憶吾母常稱溫柔敦厚為詩教,於古人之詩,喜道及陶之意境與杜之性情,未嘗以摹擬雕飾為詩也。吾稍知學問,初皆由吾父母之教。顧吾為</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">學,偏尚知解。及今年已垂老,方漸知詩禮樂之教,為教之至極;亦不敢於慈親之作,妄作評論。唯當今之世,人倫道喪,本溫柔敦厚之旨以為詩者,蓋不多見。則</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">吾母之遺詩,亦當為關心世教之大雅君子所不廢。故今就吾妹至中手抄稿,影印若干冊,寄贈吾家親故之尚存者,亦留俟來者之觀覽焉。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: white;">癸醜五月端午唐君毅記於南海香</span><span style="font-family: PMingLiU, serif; font-size: 12pt; background: white;">洲</span></p>