中国近期三大维权风潮观察

<div id="storytop" style="max-width: 622px; width: 620px; border-top: 1px solid #dfdfdf; border-bottom: 1px solid #dfdfdf; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 1px; color: #666666; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #ffffff;"><div>&nbsp;</div></div><div id="storytext" style="font-size: 14px; color: #333333; font-family: SimSun; background-color: #ffffff;"><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;"><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2016/Oct/10242016Venaran.jpeg" width="622" height="467" alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><div><div></div><div id="headerimg" style="float: left; margin: 0px 15px 20px 0px; display: table; width: 622px; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 18.6667px;"><div id="headerimgcontents" style="height: auto; overflow: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div id="headerimgcaption" style="font-style: italic; float: left; margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 10px 5px 0px; width: 622px;"><span style="display: block;">今年10月11日,各地老兵们赴京维权(维权人士独家提供)</span><div id="zoomattribute" style="position: relative; top: 0px; font-size: 10px; float: right; width: 612px; margin: 0px; height: 15px; vertical-align: middle;"><a id="single_image" href="http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/renquanfazhi/yf3-10172016110839.html/4eca5e741067081165e5-54045730800151754eec8d74_4eac7ef46743-7ef467434eba58eb72ec5bb663d04f9b.JPG" title="今年10月11日,各地老兵们赴京维权(维权人士独家提供)"><img src="http://www.rfa.org/rfa_resources/graphics/icon-zoom.png" style="height: auto; width: 18px; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: top;" alt="" /></a></div></div></div></div><div style="float: left; margin-left: 3px; width: 622px; box-shadow: rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.298039) -1px 0px 5px, rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.298039) 1px 0px 5px; padding: 10px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; color: #000000; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 18.6667px;"><div style="color: #003366; clear: both; margin: 0px;"><div><div classname="audiojs" id="audiojs_wrapper0" style="width: calc(100% – 92px); height: 36px; float: left; font-family: monospace;"><div style="width: 25px; height: 25px; padding: 4px 6px; margin: 0px; float: left; overflow: hidden;"><p style="width: 25px; height: 40px; cursor: pointer; padding: 0px; line-height: 28px; background: url(&quot;http://www.rfa.org/rfa_resources/js/player-graphics.gif&quot;) -9px -3px no-repeat;"></p></div><div style="background: #ebebeb; position: relative; float: left; width: calc(70% – 40px); height: 14px; margin: 10px; overflow: hidden;"><div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; height: 14px; width: 0px; background: #2f50a2; z-index: 1;"></div><div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; height: 14px; width: 310px; background: #acacac;"></div></div><div style="width: 40px; float: left; margin: 5px 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px 6px 0px 12px; color: #2f50a2; line-height: 25px !important;"><span style="padding: 0px 2px 0px 0px;">00:00</span>/<span style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 2px;">00:00</span></div></div></div><span style="float: right; vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/zhuanlan/zhongguotoushi/panel-10242016113227.html/m1023panel.mp3" style="color: #333333; text-decoration: none !important;"><img src="http://www.rfa.org/rfa_resources/graphics/icon-listen.png" title="收听节目" alt="收听节目" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none;" />&nbsp;</a><a href="http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/zhuanlan/zhongguotoushi/panel-10242016113227.html/m1023panel.mp3/download.html" style="color: #333333; text-decoration: none !important;"><img src="http://www.rfa.org/rfa_resources/graphics/icon-download.png" title="下载声音" alt="下载声音" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none;" /></a></span></div><div>&nbsp;</div></div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div><span style="display: block; font-family: SimSun; font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div></div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>主持人:陈奎德&nbsp; Host: Chen Kuide<br /><br />座谈人:丁一夫先生,华裔学者,美国</div><div>&nbsp;</div><p style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px;">一、&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;连续爆发的三起大规模维权风潮</p>&nbsp;</div><div>1)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;上万老兵突聚北京包围军委大楼(10月11日)</div><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">2)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;西安高陵数万人上街抗议建垃圾焚烧厂,与武警对峙冲突(10月11日期连续一周)</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">3)人数过万的29个省市区的民办及代课教师在北京国家信访局外发起集体上访行动(10月19日)</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">如此密集(几天之内)发生几起大规模维权风潮,引发舆论高度关注与解读,亦震动中枢。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">然而三桩事件又各各不同,待遇各殊,值得仔细观察与思考。<br /><br />二、&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;老兵维权的诡异</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">1)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;组织化而又没有领头人的行动:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 高度纪律性:号令整齐,行动一致,井然有序。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">2)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;以&#8220;拥护&#8221;的方式抗议,不随意升级</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">3)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;维权者与维稳者在现场的微妙互动 (换位思索导致的情绪互动)</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">4)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;收放自如</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">5)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;从&#8220;粹片化&#8221;走向&#8220;板块化&#8221;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">6)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;高层软化处理的考量</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">7)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;短期&#8220;胜利&#8221;与长期后果<br /><br />三、&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;高陵抗议民众与军警的剧烈冲突</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">1)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;经典的大规模的官民对峙</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">2)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;组织化较弱&#8212;&#8212;亦是一种自我保护的直觉</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">陕西西安高陵区民众万人抗议垃圾焚烧项目已经进入第7天,大批军警开进高陵城区,驱散抗议群众,全城大肆抓捕。据高陵当地人说,从西安等地开来2300名武警和特警,加上高陵的武警、警察,人数已达数千。区长范九利出来平息民众愤怒,结果越来越感到不安全,最后在一羣警察护卫下冲出人羣,落荒而逃。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">简单地重复了六四的过程。六四后,真正能起核心作用的民主组织(党)还是没有建立起来,关键时刻老百姓还是一盘散沙。从乌坎到高陵可以明显地看到老百姓被官僚欺凌的情况。&#8221;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;"><br />四、 29省市逾万民办教师集体上访</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">1)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;弱势群体的绝望一搏</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 同病相怜,凝聚力强,组织化程度高<br /><br />五、&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;高频率群体事件演化的趋势</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">粹片化的合併&#8212;&#8212;板块化组织化形成&#8212;&#8212;公开的稳定的组织&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;圆桌会议的谈判对手</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px;">当局的老对策与新手法</p></div>