不动产权证曝光 国人痛失房屋所有权

<div></div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2015/Mar/362015hua1.jpg" width="290" height="356" alt="" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><em><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">3月1日起颁发的房地合一《不动产权证书》内页</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /></em><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; color: #222222; background-color: #ffffff;">这几天的网上,<u></u>最醒目最令人震惊的新闻之一就是国土资源部公布的<wbr>几张图片&#8212;&#8212;<u></u>新制作的房地合一的《不动产权证书》!<wbr>关键是内页的内容,<u></u>在所设计的唯一表格上,竟然以&#8220;使用期限&#8221;<wbr>来体现不动产权利!<u></u>既然是唯一表格,<wbr>自然是既适用于土地也适用于房屋!</p><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">以往,针对八、九十年代&#8220;房地产开发&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">以后产生的新房产,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">只是给土地定了使用权期限(之后《物权法》</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">又表示其中住宅&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">自动续期&#8221;,但既然&#8220;自动&#8221;,就不应存在&#8220;期&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">和&#8220;续期&#8221;。</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">自相矛盾也无人解释。),但房屋不是&#8220;使用权&#8221;,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">没有期限,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">是永久的所有权。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">这些年来房和地的这种不统一当然非常荒诞,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">本应</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">通过修改1982年宪法和若干法律来重归正常,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">让所有宅地恢复1</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">982年以前的私人永久所有权,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">现在却朝相反方向&#8220;解决问题&#8221;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">了!</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">事实上,只要是所有权,就一定是永久的,只要是使用权,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">就一定是</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">有期限的。前者是所有者的业权,后者是非所有者的租权,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">两者在常</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">识和逻辑上根本不可能附着于同一个物,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">一个人不会同时兼做某一栋</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房子的房主和房客。由于在此之前,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房地权属一直是分开记载的(</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">指</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">1982年宪法和1988年宪法修正案以后出现的新不动产),</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">或</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">者分别记载在《房屋所有权证》和《国有土地使用证》上(</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">内页有&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">权&#8221;字,即土地使用权),或者统一记载在房地合一的《</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房地产权证</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">》上(如上海),但分成两页分别表述土地和房屋,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">所以深层问题没</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">有明显地暴露出来。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">但现在这份新制作的《不动产权证书》</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">却把主和客放在了同一表格也</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">是唯一的表格上,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">内在的荒谬便像火山岩浆一样突然喷出来了&#8212;&#8212;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">到</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">底业主们是主还是客?是拥有自己的房子还仅是使用它?</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">制作方国土</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">资源部应该发现,面对这仅有的一页表格,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">它已经不能回避私人土地</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">所有权的问题了&#8212;&#8212;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">业主们或者是房屋和土地(</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">分摊宗地或整块宗地(注:</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">具有财产权利的土地叫做宗地))</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">的所有权人,或者就都不是!</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">此时国土资源部应该做的是与政府高层</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">沟通,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">以求解决法律规定上的障碍,还众业主一个明朗的身份,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">但它</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">没有负起这份责任,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">而是选择硬性出台这份违反最基本法理的权证,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房地的&#8220;分离&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">就这样被统一了。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><div>&nbsp;</div><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2015/Mar/362015hua2.jpg" width="289" height="188" alt="" /></div><div>&nbsp;</div><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">可是大家要知道,在过去即八十年代以前的中国大陆,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">并不存在这种</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房地权利不一致的情景,尤其是没有经历过&#8220;土改&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">和人民公社的城</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">镇。在城镇如北京胡同或杭州老街巷,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">业主既拥有房屋的私人所有权</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">,也拥有土地的私人所有权,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">两权一致,而所持有的权证叫做《</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房地产所有证》。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">又由于是所有权,所以权利当然是永久的,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">没有任何期限。同时,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">1954年的宪法也早已明确规定保护这些私</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">人财产(</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">源自不同时代:清代、民国和1966年&#8220;文革&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">之前的中</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">华人民共和国)。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">其间众业主虽然经历了&#8220;文革&#8221;的磨难&#8212;&#8212;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">住所被外来人占有,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">权证被红卫兵暴力逼迫上缴给房管局,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">但在法律层次上,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">业主已合法登记的私人所有权当然至今有效,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">无论产权人是否在&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">文革&#8221;后得以顺利地返回家园。&#8220;文革&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">自然是被否定的,&#8220;文革&#8221;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">初期红卫兵&#8220;通告&#8221;上叫嚷的&#8220;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">土地立刻收归国有&#8221;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">也当然是无效的。&#8220;文革&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">结束后的1982年3月,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">国家建设总局就曾发文表示:&#8220;《</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">房地产所有证》</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">是房地产所有权的凭证,具有法律效力&#8221;&#8220;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">凡在城镇范围内的房地产</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">,不论属于国家、集体或和个人所有,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">均须到房管机关办理产权登记</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">,领取《房地产所有证》。&#8221;</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">写到这里,必须要澄清一个很普遍的认识上的误区,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">就是认为&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">中华人民共和国实行社会主义的土地公有制&#8221;。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">但这句话其实来自1</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">986年的《土地管理法》,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">它既没有写在1982年以前的三部宪</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">法里,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">也没有写在忽然间宣布&#8220;城市土地属于国家所有&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">的1982</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">年宪法里。同时这种说法也没有事实依据&#8212;&#8212;如果&#8220;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">土地公有&#8221;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">是与社会主义制度相关,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">那么难道1949年至八十年代的中国大陆</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">不是社会主义制度吗?</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">实际上根据当时的制度设计,&#8220;公有制&#8221;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">只限于企业等生产资料,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">与属于生活资料的住宅宅地及房屋毫无关系</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">但是《土地管理法》</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">的这种说法却在三十年以来广泛地影响了法学界</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">和一般民众的认识,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">使得很多人一谈及土地就以为涉及到了国家制度</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">就以为踩到了不便碰的雷区,这是非常荒唐的。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">在法律用语中,每个字背后的含义都是重要的,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">看起来仿佛雷同的词</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">汇,其不同的意思就体现在那细微的差别中。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">如上述82年宪法第十</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">条的&#8220;城市土地属于国家所有&#8221;就属于虚义&#8212;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">&#8212;全民所有,而&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">土地管理法&#8221;却给添了一个&#8220;权&#8221;字,变成了&#8220;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">所有权&#8221;(&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">所有权属于国家,用地单位只有使用权。&#8221;),</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">即具体的实物土地的</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">财产权,两者含义天壤之别。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">事实上,只有购买了(或继承、受赠等)</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">相关土地的业主才拥有这份</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">财产的所有权,而非&#8220;全民&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">中的任意的一份子,也非集所有&#8220;</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">全民份子&#8221;大成的&#8220;全民&#8221;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">即国家所有。况且,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">1982年以前的私房主所拥有的土地所有权(</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">公民私人财产)</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">也并没有被政府出钱买下来,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">没有经过任何登记程序转移给政府。</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">所以,《土地管理法》</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">在表述上是违反宪法的,需要修正,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">而198</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">2年宪法第十条则需要加以解释,或者予以取消。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">以上所说的是全中国城区老私房主至今拥有的土地所有权,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">它的性质</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">和脉络非常清晰,毋庸置疑。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><div><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">现在再说忽然间被一份权证做成&#8220;房客&#8221;的新业主,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">后者在土地上又</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">究竟是什么权利呢?到底是地主还是地客呢?</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">这种九十年代后源自政</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">府&#8220;出让&#8221;的土地,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">业主是仅有使用土地的权利,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">还是拥有土地财产权呢?</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">其实这一点在房产价格的成分中已显示得很</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">清楚了:</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">这里面是包含地价的,而且是以地价为主!</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">地方政府把地卖</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">给了开发商,收了地价款,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">而后者卖房时则把地和相关款项都分摊到</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">了各个单元里(注:</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">自动续期&#8212;&#8212;房主拥有事实上的土地所有权)。</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">换句话说,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">当某个楼盘全部卖掉之后,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">无论是政府还是开发商都不再</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">对这个楼盘拥有任何财产权利,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">前者此时剩下的只是行政和司法管辖</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">的权利,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">这一点在政府与开发商之间签署的某些土地出让合同里写得</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">很清楚(</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">原文:�&#8364; �国家对其拥有法律授予的司法管辖权和行政管辖权&#8221;)。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">而日后如</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">果业主把自己的单元卖给他人了,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">所转让的也同时是房屋和分摊的土</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">地,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">即房屋财产和分摊的土地财产。</span></div><div>&nbsp;</div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; color: #222222; background-color: #ffffff;">所以,每个楼房单元的业主都是这份财产的所有人,<u></u>而非这份《<wbr>不动产权证书》表格上所显示的有着使用期限的使用者,<u></u>无论是针对<wbr>房屋还是土地。</p><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">因此,八、</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">九十年代以后的新业主也同样是事实上的土地所有权人。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">李嘉诚到中国大陆做房地产,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">他的土地来源和众单元业主的土地来源</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">没有两样,都是自政府&#8220;</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">出让&#8221;取得,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">区别只在于他拥有的地产比较多,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">而众业主仅拥有自家的地产。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">每当</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">谈到李嘉诚拥有上海等地区的地产时,人们都觉得很自然,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">却没有想</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">想自己是不是也同样拥有。前面已解释:</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">以财产角度定义的土地叫做</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">&#8220;宗地&#8221;。</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">无论拥有几十万平方米的宗地,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">还是只拥有几平方米的宗地,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">权利都是一样的。</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><div><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">当然,以上所说的楼盘土地,凡还有欠债存在的,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">需要责任方先把债</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">还清,才能具备合法身份,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">业主们也才能真正拥有合法的分摊的土地</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">财产。这个欠债,</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">欠的是部分老私房主的,</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">因其被拆除的老宅至今没有得到赔偿。</span></div><div>&nbsp;</div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; color: #222222; background-color: #ffffff;">数月前,当国务院法制办向公众征求对《<u></u>不动产暂行条例征求意见稿<wbr>》的意见时,<u></u>我曾起草过一份有八百名城区老私房主参与签名的意见<wbr>书,<u></u>在权证角度,一方面要求归还&#8220;文革&#8221;中强行收走的《<u></u>房地产所<wbr>有证》,<u></u>另一方面也要求国土部印制新的私人土地所有权证,<u></u>以便后<wbr>人继承父辈已经合法登记的财产。同时,<u></u>还希望给全国所有的新业主<wbr>也签发《房地产所有证》。<u></u>意见书里表示,<wbr>归还和制作祖宅的土地所有权证,<u></u>不用修改八二宪法就可做到(因&#8220;<wbr>法不溯及既往&#8221;),<u></u>而对于商品房新业主的土地所有权证,<wbr>需要先对八二宪法做出修订。</p><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" /><div><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">总之,综上所述,目前刚出炉的这份《不动产权证书》</span><u style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"></u><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">是有严重错误</span><wbr style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;">的,希望国土部收回去重新制作。</span></div><div>&nbsp;</div><br style="color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;" />